Performance Monitoring and Evaluation Essay Example for Free

Performance Monitoring and rating EssayBackground and ContextS tabuh eastern United States Asia was the region that experienced the first wave of H5N1 in twain animals as well as humans. As of 1 march 2006, the following is the epidemiological office staffHuman infection no new cases of human infection have been reported since 13 Jan 2006. To date, out of a total of 21 cases of human infections (animal- to- human transmission) 12 are confirmed by WHO informant laboratory as H5N1 infections. The number of deaths due to the infections is 4, and is acknowledged in the 12 confirmed cases. only others cases were set successfully. All 12 cases involved directed close contract with domestic fowl. No human- to- human transmission has been observed. puppet infection between 15 December 2005 and 23 march 2006, a total of 191 outbreaks across 48 provinces were confirmed and dealt with. All outbreaks were reported from backyard poultry premises, except for one which involved a small - scale poultry farm. A total of 2,304,445 poultry have been culled as part of the internal solvent. To date, 33 various(prenominal) cases of avian flu have been found in wild raspberrys. No cases have been detected in individual poultry farms.With no new human cases being reported after the last case of 13 Jan 2006, South East Asia has moved from crises response to risk management mode. Per WHO guidelines, the region is currently maintaining avian flu pandemic alert phase-3. dialogue Challenges and ApproachesFollowing the content response to the first wave of H5N1 infections in both animals as well as humans, from a dialogue perspective, at least three categories of audiences now live in South East Asia.the thousands of rural families who have directly experienced their poultry flocks being culled, and with it, at least temporarily, perhaps their source of live hood and nutritional security.the million of viewers who experienced the meat of H5N1 outbreak stripe and sub scribement operations through the media and information channels, without necessarily developing a full savvy of the reasoning and science behind the response.An unknown number of people who neither experienced the outbreak response directly nor received it through the media.The current and upcoming behavioural intent of all these audiences in future outbreak responses is largely unknown. This unknown element constitutes a significant concern with regard to national cooking, and falls squarely in the colloquy domain.Field visit and some rapid pocket-size surveys in urban and rural areas reveal that through most people have heard of avian flu, there is enormous confusion, lack of clarity, and a felling of dismay among people with regard to the disease, its mode of transmission, its symptoms and treatment, and compensation for the loss of live-stock. thither have also been instances of families hiding poultry from culling teams in outbreak areas, and reports of stigmatisation of families who underwent treatment for symptoms.Towards development of a encyclopedic communication strategy, an inter- agency, inter-sectoral, unicef- supported workshop on al communications was held under the leadership of the child- intersectoral hop on (CIB) in Ankara on 9-10 February 2006, to reflect on emerging lesson and planning for future responses.Key findings and recommendations from the workshop Review all current communication materials, including strategy documents and plans of various agencies working on avian flu, to determine that messages and plans are harmonized, to minimize duplication, improve coordination, and enhance the impact of intervention.Establish an inter- sectoral strategic communication working gathering on avian flu to coordinate all communication intervention, under the leadership of the child inter-sectoral add-in (CIB), judicatures of South East Asian region.Fill information gaps with regard to confederation perception of risk and wayal int ent. Conduct of rapid, participatory KAPB studies and the involvement of communities in decision- making and planning are critical for long- term solutions oddly since backyard poultry- stoping is a wide spread culture practice in rural South East Asia.In parallel to clear and improved messaging through the mass media, implement a hale inter- personal communication component to ensure outreach to rural macrocosm, with comprehensive and relevant information on bird flu. The mass media is currently providing information in a fragmented manner, and has not been responsive to community concerns. Additionally, frontline workers and community leaders need to be sensitized and comprehensively trained to carry out information and behavior change outreach work, especially in hard-to reach areas and populations.Much of the preparedness can and should be through in advance. Establishing a closure and more engaged partnership with the media, and developing and pre-testing messages and prod ucts for the full spectrum and epidemiological scenarios, should be done as soon as possible.In short the national response calls for the implementation of an integrated communication strategy which addresses the social/political domain through advocacy strengthens BCC communication capacities and skills of the AI service saving system and enkindle adoption of AI preventive behaviors among communities and individuals through social mobilizations and inter personal communication interventions. Messages and interventions need to be harmonized across all implementation partners.StrategicProgrammatic goalsThe programme goals of national misfortune plan of various South East Asian nations for Avian Influenza are articulated in two key documentsContingency Plan for Avian Influenza (April 2005), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA). design Maintain disease response preparedness, and implement rapid find out measures in the event of suspicion or an outbreak of disease, to co ntain virus transmission. epidemic Influenza guinea pig Action Plan (Oct 2005), Ministry of Health culture To ensure that all persons, facilities and institutions are prepared to recognize and manage influenza pandemic, and plans are in ass to overthrow the transmission of the pandemic virus strain decrease cases, hospitalizations and deaths maintain essential services reduce the economic social impact of a pandemic.The documents are the cornerstone of the national preparedness and response plans for the saloon and rapid containment of outbreaks (animal-to-animal, animal-to-human, human-to-human transmission). The communication interventions envisage the dissemination of key message to the commonplace through the mass media and frontline workers, to promote hygiene and prevention behaviors, across the various epidemic phases.Communication Goals and ObjectivesThe overarching goals for 2006 of the communication strategy areAll services provide social occasion the knowledge, reco mmend healthy practices and reach at least 80% of the population with adequate and accurate information and knowledge.Policy-makers and community leaders use the knowledge and information to prevent and contain avian/pandemic flu, to ensure full systemic and institutional preparedness for rapid roll-out of appropriate interventions to control localized outbreaks, or the emergence of a pandemic.Specific Communication ObjectivesThrough the implementation of a comprehensive and coordinated public education, behavior change and policy advocacy campaign, the following ordain be achieved by end of 2006At least 80% of the population correctly recall the negative health effects of Avian/Pandemic Influenza know the correct methods of AI prevention.At least 80% of those who keep backyard poultry, or are involved in commercial winged animal farming and trading, know how to use strong practices and AI prevention behaviors.At least 80% of community leaders such as teachers, imams and muhtars have a comprehensive knowledge of AI prevention measures and actively disseminate and knowledge.Domains for Strategic Communication InterventionsThe communication strategy will be implemented to simultaneously influence the following three domains well-disposed/Political Domain The primary objective in this domain is to use advocacy methods and tools for the establishment of a supportive and enabling socio-political environment for avian influenza prevention/containment. Strategic coordination mechanisms and advocacy activities are planed to mark AI prevention high on the political, social and development agenda and to foster political will, and increment financial and other resources to ensure full preparedness. Policy advocacy activities will include strategic use of data and approaches to advocate to the parliamentarians, provincial governors and administrators close the impact of the issue at the national level. At the local level, advocacy will be apply to convince opinio n and community leaders about the need for local action and preparedness. Media advocacy will be conducted to improve quality of reporting, and to ensure that the public receives information of relevance and society remain strongly committed to implementing national AI prevention and containment policies. sign audiences and communication ways include inclusion of avian flu issues in parliamentary debates and other political events press conferences news coverage technical conferences and symposia celebrity spokesperson and meeting between various government agencies and civil society organizations, community and religious organizations, municipalities, service providers, association of physicians, and the private sector.AI service preservation Domain The objective in this domain is to bring together all feasible and practical inter-social allies, and increase their communication capacities to raise peoples knowledge and awareness, and influence their attitudes and practices, for p revention and containment of avian flu.Allies include frontline development workers, community leaders, non-government Organizations, municipalities and local media.An appropriate mix of interpersonal, group and mass-media channels, including participatory methods will be used in the implementation of these activities. The range of activities include group and community meetings, school-based activities, traditional media, road shows, leaflets, posters, pamphlets, videos, and home visits.The pore will be on communicating a series of messages about AI transmission and prevention and informing the public about what services are available and where and encouraging reporting of dead/ throw bird/poultry.Community and individual Domains The objective in this domain is t establish community norms and safe practices related to poultry-keeping, for the prevention of avian-flu.Community mobilization techniques can help create an environment through which communities particularly affected an d at-risk communities, can discuss, organize, build consensus and communicate their own perspectives on AI.Primary audiences including women and children, families involved in backyard poultry-keeping, small-scale commercial poultry farmers and dealers, transporters of poultry products, community leaders.Summary writ of execution of a coordinated and comprehensive country-wide existence Education and BCC campaign, directed at stimulating greater public dialogue on Avian/Pandemic Influenza within wider society, and adoption of safe practices by at-risk population to reduce risk of virus transmission.Implementation and monitoring of policy and media advocacy interventions that facilitate the creation of robust policy implementation mechanisms and a proactive media environment.Increasing of communication capacities and competencies of key partners to implement, manage and monitor prevention/containment strategies, at national and sub national levels.The Campaign will use an evidence-b ased mix of mass media and ground-level inter-personal communication interventions to achieve the strategic goals and objectives elaborated earlier. focal point and CoordinationMechanisms for ImplementationThe strategy will be implemented, both, at national and sub-national levels, by a range of institutions and partners including the ministry of Ministry of Health, the Ministry of agriculture, Ministry of National Education, Ministry of Interior, UN and international organizations, the provincial Governorates, the Media, non-governmental and community-based organizations , and the private sector. To coordinate and effectively manage the implementation of the communication interventions, the following is visualisedEstablishment of a formal, inter-sectoral Strategic Communication Working Group (SCWG) on AI Prevention/Containment, which will provide overall technical guidance and oversight in the planning and implementation of the interventions The SCGW will be comprised of communica tion and technical specialists, drawn from among the various partners. Drawn from among the various partners.The Provincial governorates, in collaboration with national counterparts, will provide leadership in coordinating and managing the implementation of activities at the provincial level including the cookery of micro-plans and training of key front-line workers like teachers, health workers, youth groups, and local NGO.